antibacterial activity against staphylococcus aureus atcc 25923  (ATCC)

Journal: Antibiotics

Article Title: Biochanin A, a Plant Isoflavone, Disrupts Peptidoglycan Biosynthesis by Downregulating femA and femB , and Impairs Cell Wall Integrity in Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

doi: 10.3390/antibiotics15020195

Figure Lengend Snippet: Antibacterial activity of Biochanin A against three ATCC S. aureus strains (upper right). Chord diagram in Circos Table Viewer illustrating a pan-genome comparative analysis of transporter genes (blue) present in S. aureus ATCC 25923 (red), S. aureus ATCC BAA-44 (orange), and S. aureus ATCC 6538 (yellow). Three unique genes (purple) were annotated as present only in S. aureus ATCC 6538.

Article Snippet: In line with these observations, the present study demonstrates that Biochanin A exhibits moderate but selective antibacterial activity against S. aureus ATCC 25923 and MDR strain S. aureus ATCC BAA-44, with MIC80 values of 64 μg/mL for both strains.

Techniques: Activity Assay

Journal: Antibiotics

Article Title: Biochanin A, a Plant Isoflavone, Disrupts Peptidoglycan Biosynthesis by Downregulating femA and femB , and Impairs Cell Wall Integrity in Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

doi: 10.3390/antibiotics15020195

Figure Lengend Snippet: Antibacterial activity of Biochanin A against three ATCC S. aureus strains (upper right). Chord diagram in Circos Table Viewer illustrating a pan-genome comparative analysis of transporter genes (blue) present in S. aureus ATCC 25923 (red), S. aureus ATCC BAA-44 (orange), and S. aureus ATCC 6538 (yellow). Three unique genes (purple) were annotated as present only in S. aureus ATCC 6538.

Article Snippet: The results indicated that Biochanin A displayed antibacterial activity against S. aureus ATCC BAA-44 and S. aureus ATCC 25923, with both showing an MIC80 of 64 μg/mL ( ).

Techniques: Activity Assay

Journal: Antibiotics

Article Title: Biochanin A, a Plant Isoflavone, Disrupts Peptidoglycan Biosynthesis by Downregulating femA and femB , and Impairs Cell Wall Integrity in Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

doi: 10.3390/antibiotics15020195

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of Biochanin A on the viability of S. aureus ATCC BAA-44. ( A ) Statistical analysis of bacterial viability of MDR-SA after exposure to the negative control dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), 64 µg/mL tetracycline, and 70% Ethanol ( v / v ) as the positive control, as well as 64 µg/mL Biochanin A, was conducted using one-way ANOVA through GraphPad Prism v.9.3.1. The error bars represent the standard error of the mean (±SEM). Statistical analysis is indicated by (ns) in the bar graph, signifying no significant difference between tested samples ( p > 0.05), while (****) denotes significance ( p < 0.05). ( B ) Spread plate assay illustrating the bacteriostatic effect of the negative control, DMSO, the positive controls 70% Ethanol ( v / v ) and 64 µg/mL tetracycline, and 64 µg/mL Biochanin A on S. aureus ATCC BAA-44 following treatment.

Article Snippet: The results indicated that Biochanin A displayed antibacterial activity against S. aureus ATCC BAA-44 and S. aureus ATCC 25923, with both showing an MIC80 of 64 μg/mL ( ).

Techniques: Negative Control, Positive Control

Journal: Antibiotics

Article Title: Biochanin A, a Plant Isoflavone, Disrupts Peptidoglycan Biosynthesis by Downregulating femA and femB , and Impairs Cell Wall Integrity in Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

doi: 10.3390/antibiotics15020195

Figure Lengend Snippet: Evaluation of S. aureus ATCC BAA-44 viability and morphology following treatment. ( A – C ) Flow cytometry analysis of bacterial populations stained with Calcein-AM (CA) and propidium iodide (PI). ( A ) Treatment with 64 µg/mL Biochanin A demonstrates a shift towards R1 and R2, indicating significant membrane disruption and partial loss of viability. ( B ) Treatment with 70% Ethanol ( v / v ) as a positive control result in a predominant clustering in R1 (strong PI signal), indicating a high proportion of dead cells. ( C ) Treatment with DMSO as a negative control primarily shows clustering in R3 (strong CA signal), representing viable cells with intact. ( D – F ) Fluorescence microscopy visualization of stained cells. ( D ) 64 µg/mL Biochanin A -treated cells show a combination of red and green fluorescence, reflecting partial membrane disruption and loss of cell viability. ( E ) 70% Ethanol ( v / v )-treated cells exhibit red fluorescence due to PI uptake, signifying extensive membrane damage and cell death. ( F ) DMSO-treated cells display green fluorescence from CA, indicative of intact membranes and metabolic activity. ( G – I ) Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging of bacterial morphology. ( G ) Biochanin A-treated cells at 64 µg/mL reveal surface disruptions and altered shapes (red arrows), confirming the compound’s effect on cell morphology. ( H ) Cells treated with 70% Ethanol ( v / v ) exhibit collapsed structures and irregular shapes, indicating severe structural damage. ( I ) DMSO-treated cells have smooth surfaces and normal morphology, consistent with unaffected bacterial integrity.

Article Snippet: The results indicated that Biochanin A displayed antibacterial activity against S. aureus ATCC BAA-44 and S. aureus ATCC 25923, with both showing an MIC80 of 64 μg/mL ( ).

Techniques: Flow Cytometry, Staining, Membrane, Disruption, Positive Control, Negative Control, Fluorescence, Microscopy, Activity Assay, Electron Microscopy, Imaging

Journal: Antibiotics

Article Title: Biochanin A, a Plant Isoflavone, Disrupts Peptidoglycan Biosynthesis by Downregulating femA and femB , and Impairs Cell Wall Integrity in Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

doi: 10.3390/antibiotics15020195

Figure Lengend Snippet: Gene expression analysis of ( A ) femX , ( B ) femA , and ( C ) femB in S. aureus ATCC BAA-44 treated with 64 µg/mL Biochanin A. ( D ) Comparison of expression levels of femX (blue), femA (violet), and femB (orange) after treatment with 64 µg/mL Biochanin A. Molecular docking analysis of Biochanin A (green), control compounds catechin gallate (violet) and rutin (blue) against ( E ) FemX, ( F ) FemA, and ( G ) FemB. ( H ) Summary of binding affinity of Biochanin A against FemX (violet), FemA (blue), and FemB (orange). Error bars represent ±SEM, while (*) and (**), (***), and (****) denote p < 0.05.

Article Snippet: The results indicated that Biochanin A displayed antibacterial activity against S. aureus ATCC BAA-44 and S. aureus ATCC 25923, with both showing an MIC80 of 64 μg/mL ( ).

Techniques: Gene Expression, Comparison, Expressing, Control, Binding Assay

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Phytochemical profiling, antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and molecular docking of Farsetia aegyptia and Zilla spinosa from Saudi Arabia

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1723207

Figure Lengend Snippet: Anti-biofilm activity of F. aegyptia chloroformic sample (Fa CH), Z. spinosa chloroformic sample (Zs CH), F. aegyptia ethanolic sample (Fa ET), Z. spinosa ethanolic sample (Zs ET), F. aegyptia water sample (Fa W), and Z. spinosa water sample (Zs W), against (A) Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, (B) Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19115, and (C) Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212. The letters (a -p) on the bars present important differences (p < 0.05).

Article Snippet: The ethanolic extracts of Z. spinosa and F. aegyptia also displayed notable antibacterial activity against S. aureus ATCC 25923 and L. monocytogenes ATCC 19115, with MIC values of 625 μg/mL and 1,250 μg/mL, respectively.

Techniques: Activity Assay